Critical raw materials in EU
Some resources are of particular concern and are considered as Critical Raw Materials (CRMs) due to high supply risk and high economic importance. They are particularly important for high tech products and emerging technologies such as renewables, e-mobility, ICT, robotics, aerospace and defence, etc. Overall, they are strategically important for EU industry, job creation and social transition to a green, digital and sustainable community.
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The global production of some of the crucial raw materials is highly concentrated in non-EU countries. In addition, some raw materials supplied to the EU come from countries with low standards of governance and low environmental and social standards, posing a higher risk of possible supply disruptions and challenges to responsible sourcing of materials. The supply risks have also been emphasised during the Covid19 pandemic as a result of economic slowdown and disruptions to global distribution systems.